Issue
After upgrading to android 12, the application is not compiling. It shows
"Manifest merger failed with multiple errors, see logs"
Error showing in Merged manifest:
Merging Errors: Error: android:exported needs to be explicitly specified for . Apps targeting Android 12 and higher are required to specify an explicit value for
android:exportedwhen the corresponding component has an intent filter defined. See https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/activity-element#exported for details. main manifest (this file)
I have set all the activity with android:exported="false". But it is still showing this issue.
My manifest file:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
package="eu.siacs.conversations">
<uses-sdk tools:overrideLibrary="net.ypresto.androidtranscoder" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PROFILE" />
<uses-permission
android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"
android:maxSdkVersion="22" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_IGNORE_BATTERY_OPTIMIZATIONS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES" />
<uses-feature
android:name="android.hardware.location"
android:required="false" />
<uses-feature
android:name="android.hardware.location.gps"
android:required="false" />
<uses-feature
android:name="android.hardware.location.network"
android:required="false" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.USE_FULL_SCREEN_INTENT" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW" />
<uses-feature
android:name="android.hardware.camera"
android:required="false" />
<uses-feature
android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus"
android:required="false" />
<uses-feature
android:name="android.hardware.microphone"
android:required="false" />
<application
android:name=".Application"
android:allowBackup="false"
android:allowClearUserData="true"
android:appCategory="social"
android:hardwareAccelerated="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_app_launch"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:largeHeap="true"
android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_configuration"
android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_app_launch_round"
android:theme="@style/ConversationsTheme"
android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustPan|adjustResize"
tools:replace="android:label"
tools:targetApi="q">
<activity
android:name=".ui.search.GroupSearchActivity"
android:exported="true" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.profileUpdating.FavouritesActivity"
android:exported="true" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.profileUpdating.NameActivity"
android:exported="true" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.CompulsoryUpdateActivity"
android:exported="true" />
<activity android:name=".ui.payments.doPayment.DoPaymentActivity"
android:exported="true" />
<activity android:name=".ui.individualList.IndividualListActivity"
android:exported="true" />
<activity android:name=".ui.payments.setPayment.SetPaymentActivity"
android:exported="true" />
<activity android:name=".ui.login.otpActivity.OTPActivity"
android:exported="true" />
<activity android:name=".ui.login.loginActivity.LoginActivity"
android:exported="true" />
<service android:name=".services.XmppConnectionService" android:exported="true" />
<receiver android:name=".services.EventReceiver"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<action android:name="android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.ACTION_SHUTDOWN" />
<action android:name="android.media.RINGER_MODE_CHANGED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<activity
android:name=".ui.ShareLocationActivity"
android:label="@string/title_activity_share_location"
android:exported="true"/>
<activity
android:name=".ui.SearchActivity"
android:label="@string/search_messages"
android:exported="true" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.RecordingActivity"
android:configChanges="orientation|screenSize"
android:theme="@style/ConversationsTheme.Dialog"
android:exported="true" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.ShowLocationActivity"
android:label="@string/title_activity_show_location"
android:exported="true" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.SplashActivity"
android:theme="@style/SplashTheme"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name=".ui.ConversationsActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:launchMode="singleTask"
android:minWidth="300dp"
android:minHeight="300dp"
android:exported="true"
android:windowSoftInputMode="stateHidden" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.ScanActivity"
android:screenOrientation="portrait"
android:exported="true"
android:theme="@style/ConversationsTheme.FullScreen"
android:windowSoftInputMode="stateAlwaysHidden" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.UriHandlerActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" />
<data android:scheme="xmpp" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter android:autoVerify="true">
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" />
<data android:scheme="https" />
<data android:host="im.app.in" />
<data android:pathPrefix="/i/" />
<data android:pathPrefix="/j/" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.SENDTO" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:scheme="imto" />
<data android:host="jabber" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name=".ui.StartConversationActivity"
android:label="@string/title_activity_start_conversation"
android:launchMode="singleTop"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name=".ui.SettingsActivity"
android:label="@string/title_activity_settings"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.NOTIFICATION_PREFERENCES" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name=".ui.ChooseContactActivity"
android:label="@string/title_activity_choose_contact"
android:exported="true" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.BlocklistActivity"
android:label="@string/title_activity_block_list"
android:exported="true"/>
<activity
android:name=".ui.ChangePasswordActivity"
android:label="@string/change_password_on_server"
android:exported="true"/>
<activity
android:name=".ui.ChooseAccountForProfilePictureActivity"
android:enabled="false"
android:label="@string/choose_account"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter android:label="@string/set_profile_picture">
<action android:name="android.intent.action.ATTACH_DATA" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:mimeType="image/*" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name=".ui.ShareViaAccountActivity"
android:label="@string/title_activity_share_via_account"
android:launchMode="singleTop"
android:exported="true" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.EditAccountActivity"
android:launchMode="singleTop"
android:exported="true"
android:windowSoftInputMode="stateHidden|adjustResize" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.ConferenceDetailsActivity"
android:label="@string/action_muc_details"
android:exported="true"
android:windowSoftInputMode="stateHidden" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.ContactDetailsActivity"
android:exported="true"
android:windowSoftInputMode="stateHidden" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.PublishProfilePictureActivity"
android:label="@string/mgmt_account_publish_avatar"
android:exported="true"
android:windowSoftInputMode="stateHidden" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.PublishGroupChatProfilePictureActivity"
android:exported="true"
android:label="@string/group_chat_avatar" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.ShareWithActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:launchMode="singleTop"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND_MULTIPLE" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:mimeType="text/plain" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND_MULTIPLE" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:mimeType="*/*" />
</intent-filter>
<!-- the value here needs to be the full class name; independent of the configured applicationId -->
<meta-data
android:name="android.service.chooser.chooser_target_service"
android:value="eu.siacs.conversations.services.ContactChooserTargetService" />
</activity>
<activity
android:name=".ui.TrustKeysActivity"
android:label="@string/trust_omemo_fingerprints"
android:exported="true"
android:windowSoftInputMode="stateAlwaysHidden" />
<activity
android:name="com.theartofdev.edmodo.cropper.CropImageActivity"
android:exported="true"
android:theme="@style/Base.Theme.AppCompat" />
<activity android:name=".ui.MemorizingActivity"
android:exported="true" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.MediaBrowserActivity"
android:exported="true"
android:label="@string/media_browser" />
<service android:name=".services.ExportBackupService" android:exported="true"/>
<service android:name=".services.ImportBackupService" android:exported="true"/>
<service
android:name=".services.ContactChooserTargetService"
android:permission="android.permission.BIND_CHOOSER_TARGET_SERVICE"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.service.chooser.ChooserTargetService" />
</intent-filter>
</service>
<service android:name=".services.CompulsoryUpdateService" android:exported="true"/>
<provider
android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="${applicationId}.files"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
</provider>
<provider
android:name=".services.BarcodeProvider"
android:authorities="${applicationId}.barcodes"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.ShortcutActivity"
android:label="@string/contact"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.CREATE_SHORTCUT" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name=".ui.MucUsersActivity"
android:exported="true"
android:label="@string/group_chat_members" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.ChannelDiscoveryActivity"
android:exported="true"
android:label="@string/discover_channels" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.RtpSessionActivity"
android:autoRemoveFromRecents="true"
android:exported="true"
android:launchMode="singleInstance"
android:supportsPictureInPicture="true" />
</application>
</manifest>
My second manifest file:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
package="eu.siacs.conversations">
<application tools:ignore="GoogleAppIndexingWarning">
<activity
android:name=".ui.ManageAccountActivity"
android:label="@string/title_activity_manage_accounts"
android:launchMode="singleTask"
android:exported="true"/>
<activity
android:name=".ui.MagicCreateActivity"
android:label="@string/create_new_account"
android:launchMode="singleTask"
android:exported="true"/>
<activity
android:name=".ui.EasyOnboardingInviteActivity"
android:label="@string/invite_to_app"
android:launchMode="singleTask" />
<activity
android:name=".ui.ImportBackupActivity"
android:label="@string/restore_backup"
android:launchMode="singleTask"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:mimeType="application/vnd.conversations.backup" />
<data android:scheme="content" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:mimeType="application/vnd.conversations.backup" />
<data android:scheme="file" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" />
<data android:scheme="content" />
<data android:host="*" />
<data android:mimeType="*/*" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\.ceb" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\..*\\.ceb" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\..*\\..*\\.ceb" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\.ceb" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\.ceb" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\.ceb" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\.ceb" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" />
<data android:scheme="file" />
<data android:host="*" />
<data android:mimeType="*/*" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\.ceb" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\..*\\.ceb" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\..*\\..*\\.ceb" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\.ceb" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\.ceb" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\.ceb" />
<data android:pathPattern=".*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\..*\\.ceb" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
My gradle file:
import com.android.build.OutputFile
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all
// sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
ext.kotlin_version = "1.5.21"
repositories {
google()
mavenCentral()
maven { url 'https://jitpack.io' }
gradlePluginPortal()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.2.2'
classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.3.8'
classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
}
}
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'
repositories {
google()
mavenCentral()
jcenter()
maven { url 'https://jitpack.io' }
}
configurations {
conversationsFreeCompatImplementation
}
dependencies {
implementation 'androidx.viewpager:viewpager:1.0.0'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.0.4'
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:$kotlin_version"
implementation 'org.sufficientlysecure:openpgp-api:10.0'
implementation 'com.theartofdev.edmodo:android-image-cropper:2.8.0'
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.exifinterface:exifinterface:1.3.2'
implementation 'androidx.cardview:cardview:1.0.0'
implementation 'androidx.swiperefreshlayout:swiperefreshlayout:1.1.0'
implementation 'androidx.emoji:emoji:1.1.0'
implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.4.0'
conversationsFreeCompatImplementation 'androidx.emoji:emoji-bundled:1.1.0'
implementation 'org.bouncycastle:bcmail-jdk15on:1.64'
//zxing stopped supporting Java 7 so we have to stick with 3.3.3
//https://github.com/zxing/zxing/issues/1170
implementation 'com.google.zxing:core:3.4.1'
implementation 'de.measite.minidns:minidns-hla:0.2.4'
implementation 'me.leolin:ShortcutBadger:1.1.22@aar'
implementation 'org.whispersystems:signal-protocol-java:2.8.1'
implementation 'com.makeramen:roundedimageview:2.3.0'
implementation "com.wefika:flowlayout:0.4.1"
implementation 'net.ypresto.androidtranscoder:android-transcoder:0.3.0'
implementation 'org.jxmpp:jxmpp-jid:1.0.1'
implementation 'org.osmdroid:osmdroid-android:6.1.10'
implementation 'org.hsluv:hsluv:0.2'
implementation 'org.conscrypt:conscrypt-android:2.5.2'
implementation 'me.drakeet.support:toastcompat:1.1.0'
implementation "com.leinardi.android:speed-dial:3.2.0"
implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.9.0"
implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.9.0"
implementation "com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:5.0.0-alpha.2"
implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:5.0.0-alpha.2'
implementation 'com.google.guava:guava:30.1.1-android'
implementation 'org.webrtc:google-webrtc:1.0.32006'
// Lifecycle Helper
implementation "androidx.activity:activity-ktx:1.3.0-rc02"
implementation "androidx.fragment:fragment-ktx:1.3.6"
//Navigation
implementation 'androidx.navigation:navigation-fragment-ktx:2.3.5'
implementation 'androidx.navigation:navigation-ui-ktx:2.3.5'
//CardView
implementation "androidx.cardview:cardview:1.0.0"
//Country Code Picker
implementation 'com.hbb20:ccp:2.5.3'
//Firebase
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-bom:28.3.0'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:21.0.1'
implementation 'androidx.browser:browser:1.3.0'
//OTP view
implementation 'com.github.mukeshsolanki:android-otpview-pinview:2.1.2'
//Retrofit
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.9.0'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.9.0'
//Gson
implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.7'
//Multidex
implementation 'androidx.multidex:multidex:2.0.1'
//Round Image
implementation 'de.hdodenhof:circleimageview:3.1.0'
// Button with image and text
implementation 'com.github.Omega-R:OmegaCenterIconButton:0.0.4@aar'
//Razor pay
implementation 'com.razorpay:checkout:1.6.10'
//Mixpanel Tracking
implementation 'com.mixpanel.android:mixpanel-android:5.9.1'
//Loading screen
implementation 'com.wang.avi:library:2.1.3'
//Loading
implementation 'com.wang.avi:library:2.1.3'
//Form
implementation 'com.quickbirdstudios:surveykit:1.1.0'
}
ext {
travisBuild = System.getenv("TRAVIS") == "true"
preDexEnabled = System.getProperty("pre-dex", "true")
abiCodes = ['armeabi-v7a': 1, 'x86': 2, 'x86_64': 3, 'arm64-v8a': 4]
}
android {
compileSdkVersion 31
defaultConfig {
minSdkVersion 24
targetSdkVersion 31
versionCode 44
versionName "2.0.4"
multiDexEnabled = true
archivesBaseName += "-$versionName"
applicationId "com.app.app"
resValue "string", "applicationId", applicationId
def appName = "app"
resValue "string", "app_name", appName
buildConfigField "String", "APP_NAME", "\"$appName\""
}
splits {
abi {
universalApk true
enable true
}
}
configurations {
compile.exclude group: 'org.jetbrains' , module:'annotations'
}
dataBinding {
enabled true
}
dexOptions {
// Skip pre-dexing when running on Travis CI or when disabled via -Dpre-dex=false.
preDexLibraries = preDexEnabled && !travisBuild
jumboMode true
}
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}
flavorDimensions("mode", "distribution", "emoji")
productFlavors {
conversations {
dimension "mode"
}
free {
dimension "distribution"
versionNameSuffix "+f"
}
compat {
dimension "emoji"
versionNameSuffix "c"
}
}
sourceSets {
conversationsFreeCompat {
java {
srcDir 'src/freeCompat/java'
srcDir 'src/conversationsFree/java'
}
}
}
buildTypes {
release {
shrinkResources true
minifyEnabled true
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
versionNameSuffix "r"
}
debug {
shrinkResources true
minifyEnabled true
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
versionNameSuffix "d"
}
}
if (new File("signing.properties").exists()) {
Properties props = new Properties()
props.load(new FileInputStream(file("signing.properties")))
signingConfigs {
release {
storeFile file(props['keystore'])
storePassword props['keystore.password']
keyAlias props['keystore.alias']
keyPassword props['keystore.password']
}
}
buildTypes.release.signingConfig = signingConfigs.release
}
lintOptions {
disable 'MissingTranslation', 'InvalidPackage','AppCompatResource'
}
subprojects {
afterEvaluate {
if (getPlugins().hasPlugin('android') ||
getPlugins().hasPlugin('android-library')) {
configure(android.lintOptions) {
disable 'AndroidGradlePluginVersion', 'MissingTranslation'
}
}
}
}
packagingOptions {
exclude 'META-INF/BCKEY.DSA'
exclude 'META-INF/BCKEY.SF'
}
android.applicationVariants.all { variant ->
variant.outputs.each { output ->
def baseAbiVersionCode = project.ext.abiCodes.get(output.getFilter(OutputFile.ABI))
if (baseAbiVersionCode != null) {
output.versionCodeOverride = (100 * variant.versionCode) + baseAbiVersionCode
}
}
}
}
Solution
I had this issue and one of the libraries I used wasn't setting it correctly.
You can find it by doing the steps:
- Set target SDK for 30
- Go to the merged manifest:
- Go to the individual manifest file of all the libraries (You can skip this step if the merged manifest is created and you can just look into the merged manifest)
- Find if there's any activity, service, receiver, or provider that does not have an
exportedand set it to corresponding needs. We can override the specification written in the manifest of a library by adding it to our application's manifest. More information : Documentation, Similar issue in a SDK. - Set target SDK for 31
- Override all the entries you found like this:
<receiver android:name="<name_of_the_entry>"
android:exported="false or true"
tools:node="merge" />
Answered By - Jakoss
